Other names: anuria

Arrest urination is a serious symptom of acute renal failure, which occurs due to various diseases of the kidney, but also other organs. When chronic (long-term and gradual) renal failure to stop urine just not in the foreground is from the beginning, on the contrary, increased or even normal urination, in the final stages, then human urine less, and when a decline in renal function below a certain threshold is converted into so-called. Dialysis ( more frequent hemodialysis – “artificial kidney” and less on peritoneal dialysis depends on patient selection, dialysis each has its advantages and disadvantages).

Dialysis patients cleanse their blood rather than through the formation of urine, but through the extracorporeal system of filters and membranes in specialized centers. Chronic renal failure is primarily due complicated by diabetes, long-term uncontrolled high blood pressure, chronic inflammation of the kidneys and some congenital defects impairment (eg. Polycystic kidneys) .Progression to the final stage where it is needed lifelong dialysis, “support” certain factors – age, smoking, high blood pressure, and lipid metabolism disorders (increased cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood).

Acute kidney failure

But let us return to acute renal failure, which we may suddenly stop urinating more surprise and scare. Since the beginning of this condition leads to a significant decrease in urine output (so-called. Oliguria – excludes less than 300 ml of urine per day, the norm is about 1000-2000 ml), which can progress rapidly to completely stop urinating – called. Anuria, when human excreted less than 100 ml of urine per day – if timely intervene therapeutically. When unusually reduced urination during normal fluid intake are therefore quickly contact a doctor!

Acute renal failure is often called. “Reversible”, it is possible to return back to proper kidney function, but must act quickly! However, sometimes the patient is in pretty serious condition, which led to the relapse (eg. Burns, sepsis, etc.), And his life was not in danger just kidney failure, without which we simply put, can live (with one kidney normally, without either kidney dialysis ), but the failure of other vital important organs such as blood flow, heart and brain. Kidneys are actually only institution that fails among the first.

kidney disease

Kidneys are important center for regulation of blood pressure, produce the hormone (renin), which is involved in this procedure. When kidney failure is sick especially vulnerable to increased hydration (keeps himself unexcreted liquid), and the first 7 to 14 days when it takes a period of oliguria to anuria, and minerálovým breakup (especially excess potassium), which is also associated with impaired blood pressure regulation and amount of water in the body. If after kidney failure occurs gradually restore their function, the patient suddenly urine contrary, increasingly (ie. Polyuria) and is at risk of dehydration (required is therefore sufficient fluid intake!). Editing can take several months and may be incomplete. Everything depends on early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, which usually require a hospital stay. The course and prognosis of failure also depends on the initial condition of the patient, ie on the underlying cause.

Diseases of other organs

Diseases and conditions that occur in other organs than the kidneys and urinary system, and can lead to acute renal failure include: extensive bleeding and burns, dehydration, frequent vomiting or diarrhea, adrenal insufficiency (forming in them a hormone affecting also blood pressure – aldosterone system), complications of diabetes (the patient in this case the urine initially excessively – polyuria), pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), peritonitis (peritonitis),diseases of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart), the pericardium (pericardium), valvular heart diseases, abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmia), pulmonary hypertension (in diseases of the lungs or the left side of the heart), shock states associated with sepsis (infection “scattered” throughout the body), allergic reaction (eg. in allergic insect bites), an overdose of certain drugs ( eg. medication for high blood pressure) or, less anesthesia.

All these states are characterized by very low blood pressure (hypotension) and leading to acute renal failure because blood circulation is no longer enough to supply all organs, and thus focuses on the more vital (especially the brain). Other causes may be multiple myeloma (tumor of hematopoietic tissue resulting from plasma cells) and polycythemia (excessive number of red blood cells) when blood is more viscous and harder thus cleansed in the kidneys (in addition, prone to the formation of blood clots).

Renal vascular blockage

The mechanism of kidney failure are also various causes concerning kidney as such as blockage of the renal blood vessels (atherosclerosis, thrombosis, embolism, inflammation of blood vessels),malnutrition kidney (ischemia), acute inflammation of the kidneys, long-term elevated levels of calcium in the blood, “clogging” renal tubular crystals, hemolytic states (red blood cell destruction) and various poisonings (especially drugs).

The root cause may lie well below such as a blockage in the urinary tract. That is mostly white-collar men (hypertrophic) the prostate and in women it is often the oppression of urinary tract carcinoma of the cervix. Younger people and children can have a congenital abnormality of the urinary tract, which also obstructs urine outflow. Further, a transmittance of the urinary tract is limited e.g. stones (calculi), tumors, blood clots and hematomas.

Pawn urination belong to diverse causes and overall, often severe, the patient’s condition to the care of doctors. The kidney failure can occur even while in the hospital due to worsening of the patient’s original condition.