In case of the liver due to the underlying disease (e.g. cirrhosis) are not able to receive all the blood which flows into the portal vein (which collects blood from the organs of the digestive system stored in the abdomen), there is a condition called portal hypertension.

Increased pressure in the portal vein causes the blood begins to find another way into large collecting veins using couplings, which are due to higher pressure to open and expand. One of the ways through which blood can “bypass” the liver are the veins of the esophagus. But it is not true that all cirrhotic patients must also have esophageal varices.

The resulting varices are extremely thin-walled vessels, hidden under delicate lining of the esophagus, into the cavity more or less protrude. Therefore, they are very prone to disruption eg. If swallowed stiffer bites when coughing or vomiting, but may break even spontaneously.

Massive bleeding from esophageal varices is reflected red blood vomiting (haematemesis), minor bleeding may indicate melena, a black tarry stools sweet fragrance. Bleeding from varices is often repeated, and its construction is relatively difficult act, not always having the perfect effect.

The finding tarry stools should immediately visit the emergency room or the nearest hospital.Vomiting large amounts of blood are classified as life-threatening condition and should be called emergency services.