Description nasal polyps
Nasal polyps arise vychlípnutím the lining of the sinuses into the nasal cavity. Uninitiated person, this disease could almost be described as cosmetic defect, patients can not uncomfortable torment. Polyps clogged nasal passages, thus patients usually can not (or difficult) to breathe through the nose. And imagine that you have to constantly breathe through your mouth ..
First, it eliminated an important function of the nose – cleaning, heating and air humidification received, suggesting an increased risk of lower respiratory tract disease, and secondly, this failure is socially awkward. Walk constantly with his mouth slightly open – the patient does not feel exactly dignified. Inconvenient are also waking up with a dry mouth.
At this disease are very annoying additional factors. For example, it is not known to cause illness, therefore it can not be effectively prevented. Another problem, which considerably detracts from the psyche of patients, is the fact that even after surgical removal of nasal polyps, the problem can (and often it happens) to return. Often, after several restoration polyps, patients are so desperate that they give up medical care and seek alternative therapy.
Risk factors for nasal polyps
Although it is not known the exact cause of the disease, makes the formation of nasal polyps associated with chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa (chronic allergic rhinitis), asthma in young children can cause even cystic fibrosis and ciliary dyskinesia (immobility cilia), both are serious illness.
The appearance of the polyps is sometimes a reaction of the organism to certain drugs (aspirin, Ibalgin ..)
Prevention of nasal polyps
Since it is not known to cause disease, it is difficult to prevent this. In connection with the impact of chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract to develop nasal polyps, should these infections timely, effectively and completely heal the mucous membranes of the nose was in the best condition – the least burdened and hampered by inflammatory processes, since the formation of polyps will certainly prone mucous membrane, which already “tried something” ..
Signs and symptoms of nasal polyps
Nasal polyps are manifested impaired nasal patency (patients with difficulty breathing through the nose). Although everyone is aware Option breathing through the mouth as a substitute breathing through the nose, and thus results in someone disabling nasal breathing a sort of nervousness topanic of suffocation.
Blockage of the nasal passages can sometimes worsen or improve – using a variety of nasal drops.Due to the impaired intake air, and therefore oxygen, patients often suffer from headaches.Sometimes describe the feeling of pressure in the face. Another unpleasant symptom is the partial or total removal of smell.
Patients suffer almost permanent rhinitis (runny, later purulent – green ..).
Polyps are commonly appear on both sides of the nasal septum – the right and left nostril – but often unevenly. A typical manifestation of the disease polyps is due to unpleasant awakening a dry mouth – the patient is in need of a drink.
Unpleasant – and aesthetically – a manifestation of polyps is their emergence from the nasal cavity through the nostrils (this happens at advanced stages).
The treatment of nasal polyps
After diagnosis of nasal polyps, the doctor usually patient prescribe nasal spray containingcorticosteroids – takes when at polyps (this happens especially in the case of small polyps), this can be spray used also in the long term, because at that local administration corticosteroids do not get into the blood and thus can not fully develop its side effects (fat storage, formation of stretch marks, hair growth, gastric ulcers ..).
If the nasal spray does not work, it can take medication to glucocorticoids in tablets – they can take only a limited time.
And just when steroids in any form for polyps is not enough, goes to the surgical removal of polyps. The surgery is performed either under local anesthesia or conscious sedation or general anesthesia.
Operation under local anesthesia begins applications anesthetic nasal spray. Then they are using different “handy” tool polyps removed. Since polyps are originally from elsewhere – from the sinuses – and those are connected to the stem, which must also be removed, talk sometimes aboutuprooting polyps, which somewhat naturalistic, yet concisely identifies action that occurs.
Performance is bloody, and not entirely painless. However, patients generally agree that the relief(unfortunately often only temporary), which brought them to treatment, is worth it.
In another method of execution polypectomy (polyp removal) – sedation – no general anesthesia, but the numbing agent is not applied locally, but in vein. The patient is thus in partial consciousness. She does not feel much pain, it is capable of partial cooperation in the operation, but “oblbý”, and intervention usually does not remember.
The third option is an operation under general anesthesia. To the accessed especially if the operation is still connected with another in this area (e.g. surgery of the nasal septum ..).
Hospitalization time is about 5 days.
How can I help myself
Against polyps patient himself can accomplish something difficult. Important postoperative care nasal mucosa – it is necessary to flush the nose (e.g. Vincentka) so that it was washed out all crusts and blood clots.
Complications of nasal polyps
The main complication in the treatment of polyps is their repeated returns.
In untreated is more complication: Both can complete blockage of the nasal passages and mouth clogged sinuses – the sinuses and mucus can not be evacuated, there is purulent sinusitis. It often causes severe headaches.
Overgrown polyps can protrude either front – from the nostrils – or back – falling in the neck.
Polyps can destroy the surrounding bone structure – can transform the shape of the nose or disturbance of the orbit and extend inflammation in those places.
Other names: nasal polyposis