Description of back pain
Backache is one of the most common kinds of painful symptoms. They can occur at any age but usually come in early adulthood. They are one of the most common causes of incapacity.
Pain can be caused by damage to the spinal support muscles (ie. The deep stabilizing system) or muscle insertions around the spine. But may only occur malfunction, without damage of the structures. A separate area is radiating pain in the back of the diseases of internal organs.
Osteoarthritis (spondylosis, spondylarthritis)
Impairment of cartilage (osteoarthritis) and intervertebral discs (spondylolysis). It has the effect of reducing damage to the intervertebral space and joints in the spine. It is accompanied by the formation of osteophytes (bony growths on the spine). It is the most common cause of stenosis (narrowing) of the spinal canal. Spinal mobility gradually decreases.
Acute blockade of the cervical spine
It occurs more often in younger people after a sharp movement in the cervical spine, which comes after increased stress on the cervical spine. Is severe pain when attempting any movement of the head. The head is usually held in the least painful position (bows and turning the head to one side).
Acute blockade of the lumbar spine
It is known as lumbago (lumbago). It is similar to the cervical spine affection, but difficulties retreat takes considerably longer.
Slipped disc (hernia Disc)
Most commonly occurs in the lumbar region. In the cervical area of disability is very rare. Very big headache is accompanied by symptoms of oppression of radicular (movement disorders and emotion).
Herniation in the cervical spine is most often caused by trauma or major long-term overloading of the cervical spine. It may occur at the treatment of pain unresponsive.
Herniation in the lumbar region occur very often. The pain is often severe and often recurrent. They are called flank pain. Associating the symptoms of oppression spinal roots. The advent of the difficulties may be gradual or sudden. Triggering moment for sudden pain is usually sudden movement or lifting.
postoperative discitida
It is a rare complication of spine surgery. It leads to inflammation (usually bacterial), which are manifested by pain and significantly complicate the postoperative rehabilitation.
Spondylolysis, spondylolysis, retrolisis
Spondylolysis is a violation of the vertebral arch. Spondylolysis the displacement of two vertebrae in the anteroposterior direction (a senior vertebra moves forward). Retrolistéza is equivalent spondylolysis, but the movement of the superior vertebra is backward. Most often, these morbid phenomena occur in the lumbar and sacrum (lumbosacral region) and are causing instability of the spine with all the consequences (pain, neurological symptoms from the oppression of radicular).
Spinal canal stenosis
Stenosis or narrowing of the spinal canal occurs as congenital and acquired disease. There are many causes of disorders of intervertebral discs, spinal ligament disorders, destruction of vertebral bodies and arches to tumor processes resulting from spinal cord or spinal column and its surroundings.Manifested significant pain and neurological symptoms which correspond to elevation localization of the injury of the spinal canal.
Ankylosing spondylitis (Ankylosing spondylitis)
It is an inflammatory disease affecting the spine, especially the joints between the vertebrae, sacroiliac joints and all ligamentous structures of the spine (especially the intervertebral discs, ligaments bridging). All ligamentous structures, including joint capsules ossify (changes to the bone). Gradually formed ankylosis (ossification cause incapacity in the joints) several segments to larger parts of the spine. Spine is sometimes compared to a bamboo pole.
Disease starts at a young age, and most symptoms worsen relatively slowly. The most obvious symptom is back pain. This is commonly referred to as inflammatory back pain. Applies that label back pain such as inflammatory must be met four of 5 the following conditions. Appears before the 40 year progresses slowly, it takes at least three months continuously, the present stiffness and pain eases the movement.
The disease has other symptoms of impaired organs (eyes, heart, kidneys, lungs, and others).
Other diseases affecting the spine, causing back pain
Osteoporosis, tumors, bone metastases (lung, breast carcinoma, tumors of the gastrointestinal tract), Forestier’s disease (idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis), Scheuermann’s disease.
For women with back pain can manifest as menstrual pain.
Internal disease that causes back pain
Back pain are caused by heart disease (myocardial infarction), impairments stomach (peptic ulcer disease), impaired gallbladder (gallstones), impairment (cirrhotic changes), renal impairment (eg, kidney stones).
functional impairment
Back pain can be caused by poor posture with poor involvement of muscles (back muscles deep, deep stabilization system). This results in overloading of certain muscle groups and pain. After a long time may produce and organic changes and added some of the above described diseases.
Risk factors for back pain
Risk is overloading the system, for example, support lifting heavy loads. Unsuitable are abrupt movements when called. Solidified body (ponámahové congeal syndrome congestion in certain muscle groups eg. The nuchal muscles etc.). Very important is the improper functioning of deep muscle involvement (incorrect posture, poor reinforcement).
Preventing back pain
The only prevention is to overload the supporting system and exercise regularly. The exercises should be focused on strengthening the deep stabilization system and must be done correctly.Otherwise difficulties may rather worsen. Prevention of internal diseases which have as a symptom of back pain, it is specific to the affected organ (prevention of myocardial infarction, prevention of gastric ulcers, etc.).
Symptoms of back pain
Symptoms Most units described disease is back pain of various localization associated with neurological deficits (movement disorders, sensory disturbances, variously localized pain-eg. The hands, feet, joints). According to localization problems with pain divided into lower (low back pain – hip, cross) and upper (upper back pain – cervical spine, thoracic spine). At the bottom is a pain in the lumbar region of radiation into the lower limb. The muscles at the site of pain are downloaded (muscle spasm). At the upper location of the radiation is pain in the upper limbs, may sometimes be present headaches.
Back Pain Treatment
Acute cases are solved bed rest, administered analgesics, muscle relaxants, NSAIDs, sedatives, physical therapy (eg. Water bath), physiotherapy (relaxation techniques, stretching). Chronic pain is solved rehabilitation, medical physical education (focused on the musculoskeletal system and deep stabilization system). If necessary, some states solved surgically.
Back pain associated with damage to the internal organs are addressed treatment of the primary disease.
How can I help myself
Again everything that was said at prevention. Ensure even load muscle groups, strengthen the deep stabilizing system. It is also appropriate swimming, especially the character (is unsuitable style chest with head held above water – overloading of the cervical spine and poor functional connections of the muscle groups).
Complications back pain
Complications of the disease is progressive limitation of movement, restrictions in various activities of daily life that can not operate because of the resulting pain. The social dimension of the disease is the limitation of working ability of the patient (to partial incapacity).
Other names: osteoarthritis, spondylosis, spondylarthritis, acute blockage of the cervical spine, lumbar spine Acute blockade, flank pain, lumbago, Houser, slipped disc, hernia Disco Postoperative discitida, spondylolysis, Spondylolystéza, Retrolistéza, spinal canal stenosis