Description of anal fissures
Anal fissure or anal fissure is a painful disease that occurs most frequently injured anal mucosahard stools (constipation). Manifested considerable pain rectum, which increases during and after defecation (after a bowel movement), and persists for several hours. Often accompanied by bleeding bright red blood (it is therefore a fresh blood that is not from higher parts of the digestive tract).
Risk factors for anal fissures
Risk factors include primarily occurrence in the family (ie, a genetic component), as well asimproper diet composition (frequent traffic jams and lack of a varied diet), sedentary lifestyleand little movement, poor sanitation rectum and poor hygienic supplies (rough toilet paper, intrusive aggressive soaps) . An important and recently frequently mentioned factor in the increased tension anal sphincter, whose cause is not known. The disease is always based on a combination of factors, the most important role of heredity (genetics).
Prevention of anal fissures
Appropriate prevention is a varied diet, care of the stool (regularly emptied to avoid a jam),regular exercise, limit sedentary lifestyle, insufficient hygiene and care of the rectum(preferably after stool shower or at least use wet wipes, which are the rectum friendlier than ordinary toilet paper).
Symptoms of anal fissures
A typical symptom of the disease is significant pain in the anus, and especially during and after a bowel movement, which is stiff – that are often affected people suffering from constipation. Pain is a leading symptom and is sometimes so strong that for herself sick and afraid to eat there regularly on the throne, thus becoming worse. Is frequent rectal bleeding of different intensity, but usually crack bleeds slightly and generally less than other rectal diseases or bowel (e.g. erosion). Present is also itching anus.
Treatment of anal fissures
Anal fissure either heal spontaneously (alone), or usually after 3 days enters the chronic stage.Treatment is either conservative or surgical.
To conservative treatment includes sitz baths (in chamomile bath with oak bark), laxatives, suppositories with a drug that affects the voltage anal sphincter (spasmodic) and pain (analgesics), various injections rectum (ie. Botulinum toxin) and the like.
Surgical treatment is focused on heal cracks in the wall of the rectum and, second biasing voltage anal sphincters. It is performed either (dilation) of the rectum (anus divulze) in local or short general anesthesia. Dilation of blood flow enables torn edges of fissures and improve healing. Then is cut fissures and guard cusp (excision) – is less efficient, since the voltage does not affect the sphincter. The method of choice is called. Eisenhammerova operations or partial internal lateral sphincterotomy (against one-third the height of the internal sphincter). It is a delicate surgery that can lead to fecal incontinence, therefore, should be performed by an experienced proctologist.
Complications of anal fissures
Complications of the disease is a chronic condition. A patient suffering from anal fissure, has discomfort during and after stool, because then even less her go less often on the stool, stool and holds the entire state is more and more worse. Operative solution usually is not the solution to end, because the condition often returns and performance must be repeated. It also depends what type of exercise is chosen for the patient and whether it is correctly selected.
Other names: anal fissure, or fissure
