Description rose
Rose is a dangerous acute infectious superficial skin disease, whose agents are in most cases, bacteria of the genus Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes, which can also cause tonsillitis, rheumatic fever or impetigo), rarely staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus, producer of many other diseases throughout the body ). In very rare cases the disease can cause other types of bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumonia, usually causing pneumonia, Hemophillus influenzae (usually causes epiglottitidu or meningitis in children), or Enterobacteria. The history of roses goes back to the Middle Ages, when it was called the People “St. Anthony’s fire” by Egyptian healer who was supposed to heal difficulties.
The disease affects more frequently women, but men generally occurred earlier.
Risk factors roses
The most serious risk factors include, above all kinds of skin wounds, abrasions, scratches, cuts, those are all risky especially for weakened individuals, such as people with poorly functioning immune systems, children have immature immune systems weakened or elderly people. Common method of intrusion is in between with attacks on the skin fungal diseases, injuries from insect bites or stings, and difficulties in inflammatory sites through surgery. Further formation rose significantly facilitate concurrent disease causing problems with the vascular supply mainly the lower extremities, venous disease, especially leg ulcers (very often accompanies erysipelas).Furthermore, the risk of the lymphatic system. The problem are also various ulcers on the skin due to other simultaneous skin disease or injury, such as impetigo, pemphigus vulgaris, burns, and other. The source of the bacteria causing rose on the face is usually in the patient’s throat – very often the patient finds a recent strep throat infection or sore throat, and it is therefore from this perspective risky.
Predisposition is also unhealthy lifestyle, HIV infection, nephrotic syndrome or metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, diabetes.
Preventing rose
In terms of prevention, it must first avoid the development of risk factors. First well přeléčitpharyngitis, sinusitis, streptococcal. It is also necessary especially in older people work on treating problems vascularisation of the lower extremities, especially thus slowing blood flow in the lower extremities. The patient should also be trying to avoid various skin injuries, and this is already resulting injury then protect against infection.
symptoms of roses
Erysipelas has a very short incubation period, only a few hours, the symptoms are developing therefore very soon after penetration into the body of streptococci. It is a disease affecting at present in most cases in about eighty percent, the skin on the lower extremities. But it can also intervene facial skin (now twenty percent of cases, previously was the face of a major site problems), where it is then quite regularly extended in shape resembling a butterfly, whose imaginary wings protrude above the cheekbones, his “body” is the bridge of his nose ( may resemble a butterfly erythema in systemic lupus erytemotodes- physician must correctly distinguish). Signs and symptoms of roses usually occur suddenly and are accompanied by constitutional symptoms such as various high temperature, chills or shaking.
Illness can commemorate in its infancy common diseases such as the flu.
The sick can cause indigestion, experience nausea and vomiting. The affected skin has a very well defined and the raised edge, is red, the red, may be as in conventional dimpling cellulite (it has the appearance of orange peel). Skin is significantly tepid and the area is increased swelling. There may also blistering and cracking during the formation and erosion (ie. Erysipelas vesiculosum). If the inflammation in the subcutaneous abscess and filling, we are called erysipelas abscendens. Other manifestations may be a so-called purple, or purple plates, which arise due to hemorrhage into the skin. They are often affected by the relevant regional lymph nodes, which hurts are enlarged and palpable.
diagnosis roses
To establish the diagnosis doctors usually suffice mere sight of skin and classical physical examination. Often the skin is still evident point of entry of infection. Exceptionally, in immunosuppressed patients, creating a tissue culture, where we assume that it is possible other than a classic streptococcal agent, for which the classic penicillin may not be effective. In this case it is suitable to remove the bacteria from the point of entry. Only in exceptionally difficult cases it is necessary to remove skin biopsy and sent for histological analysis. On the preparations is evident swelling, enlargement of blood vessels and the presence of streptococci in lymphoid tissue. The skin of the inflammatory infiltrate containing neutrophils and mononuclear cells, is often damaged and the epidermis. In very rare cases where the rose is related to the disability of joints and bones, the doctor may be forced to use the imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging.
treatment of roses
Specific treatment should be initiated as soon as possible, and antibiotic therapy frequently if the patient is allergic, penicillin. Mostly administered orally in the form of powders, namely, orally, in severe serious cases, when the patient is extremely ill, to penicillin can be administered intravenously, Ted injected directly into a vein. In this case, one is hospitalized. For patients allergic to penicillin resorting to the use of macrolide antibiotic erythromycin, may also be usedcephalosporins. If the presence of high temperature, can be deployed and antipyretic, thus reducing the material temperature. Antibiotic treatment is usually fitted onto ten to fourteen days, and general symptoms such as nausea, temperature and the like disappear after one or a maximum of two days. Skin changes usually require a longer time, up to several weeks to complete healing and soothing. This can help healing with cool compresses, ointments and then ichtamolem.Erysipelas untreated scar during treatment is common and normal skin peeling, and the cure my skin perfectly normal character.
Approximately one third of patients experience repeated relapses erysipelas, and because they are still risk factors such as venous disease of the lower extremities. Another reason is that the mere roses may cause damage to lymphatic vessels in the area of damaged skin, and it is an essential prerequisite for further attacks. For such high-risk patients should be considered long-term preventive administration of penicillin. Often there is an extreme swelling of the legs. It can proceed even on the application of hyaluronidase in the form of injections, thereby allowing better drainage of lymph, treated tissue damage and difficult to survival of certain forms of streptococcus in the diseased tissue. Mostly these injections as a precaution Flash attacks work, but sometimes even they are not enough and patients may suffer up to twenty recurrent attacks.
What can I do for myself
For the patient, it is very relieving, if the leg pulled up to relieve swelling, inflammation and pain.
To ulcerated or necrotic tissue we consider physiological tiles every two to twelve hours.
complications rose
The prognosis for patients is generally excellent, most roses after application of antibiotics will cure soon. In about twenty percent of patients, given the persistence of risk factors, risk of recurrence, return difficulties where the need for new treatments.
Complications are usually rare, but can occur and need to count them and give your eye on them.
Dangerous complications arising from the ability of the bacteria get to the bloodstream is theemergence of bacteremia. In this state streptococci circulate in the blood and the infection can spread to a heart valve where it operates bacterial endocarditis, further to the joints or even bone.
A further complication of extreme overgrowth of bacteria in the world is the emergence of a totalof sepsis and septic shock, a life-threatening condition occurring above all very severe and untreated cases in people with weakened immune systems.
A streptococci can also be especially dangerous in children cause poststreptokokální glomerulonephritis development leading to renal failure.
May occur to the cavernous sinus thrombosis, a venous sluice in the area of the brain, and hence away clots of blood can spread to other areas and parts of the brain.
Exceptionally, it may occur streptokokálnímu toxic shock syndrome or osteoartritickým problem, i.e. formation of tendonitis, bone, bursitis or whole joints.
Other names: erysipelas, streptococcal infections
