Description of hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are like the appendix – has everyone. Hemorrhoidal problems but has “only” almost everyone ..
Hemorrhoids are as originally called vascular plexus of the rectum. This bundle consists of small arterioles that bring in blood from small veins, which divert it and couplings between them.When everything is fine, blood flows into the anal area and flows out again. However, once there is a malfunction of the system, comes the word hemorrhoids as it perceives the public, namely the importance of problems with hemorrhoids.
This disease is very common, but the doctors, patients usually issued when they are unbearable trouble, or when they start to have fears such as colon cancer. Overcoming shyness or other reasons leading to nenávštěvně doctor is worthwhile because the doctor’s office waiting for a lot of ways to get rid of unpleasant problem.
Risk factors for hemorrhoids
Risk factors for hemorrhoids is heredity (walled rectal veins), physique (obesity), lifestyle –sedentary job (on the other hand, even in sports will find one that what the emergence of hemorrhoids is concerned, it is not ideal – and that is cycling ), diet (diet with lack of fiber), low intake of fluids (faeces is then stiffer, more likely to damage the anal canal), difficulties in passing (long and painstaking “pushing” with constipation, chronic diarrhea) in women is the most common reason for developing this disease of pregnancy, because there is more pressure in the veins under the “obstacle” – a developing fetus, therefore, in the veins of rectal. As an impediment to proper drainage of blood through the veins can work eg. A tumor even in a small saucepan.
prevention of hemorrhoids
To mitigate the risk of disease hemorrhoids need to watch that received diets containing fiber (fiber maintains bowel function properly, their regular cleansing ..), take plenty of fluids (limit drainage drinks such as coffee, alcohol) in the case of obesity lose weight (obesity is also a risk factor a much more severe disease) to observe the exercise, wear airy clothes, pay attention to hygiene anal area ..
Signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are divided into external and internal.
external hemorrhoids
External hemorrhoids are found primarily on the outer surface of the rectum, or a little deeper (just before the anus). Under normal status they are distributed radially around the mouth of the rectum. They are painless, soft, moist and does not bleed.
Problems usually manifest generating more painful knots (in fact there is a buildup of gore in this plexus, which violated the system inflow – outflow of blood, usually due to excessive pushing on the toilet – increased pressure on the vascular plexus prevents blood draining, blood accumulates, precipitates formed knot).
The resulting knot usually after a few days wrinkles (blood clot absorbed) but left after a skin pouch. The skinfold is indeed painless, but may make it more difficult hygiene around the anus, which can increase the risk of back hemorrhoids. Therefore it is often accesses the surgical removal of skin.
A second possible fate painful node is that node ruptures gore from it empties. Here again, the need to ensure the hygiene of the anal region, since there is a risk of introducing infections into the wound after ruptured node.
Problems with external hemorrhoids therefore lie in a painful knot, patients often are also feelingthe pressure in the anal area and rupture is usually perceived as a relief.
The fundamental difference between external and internal hemorrhoids are painful. The area of external hemorrhoids is richly innervated (there are many nerve endings that keep information about pain from this area). On the other hand, the locus of internal hemorrhoids, these endings are not so internal hemorrhoids hurt.
internal hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids are formed deeper into the anal canal.
A typical symptom of internal hemorrhoids is bleeding (bright red blood) during defecation (from small findings on toilet paper after blood dripping into the toilet bowl).
Another symptom (usually in the advanced stages of the disease hemorrhoids) is a prolapse – prolapse and hemorrhoids (as if anus after defecation was pulled inflatable balloon filled with water) – neodtečenou veins filled with blood herniates. In the early stages is usually themselves pushed back. Over time, however, patients must return to the rectum fingers alone.
In the advanced stage of prolapse is usually associated problem of inflammation of the skinaround the anus. Because when prolapse is produced phlegm “enriched” by remnants of feces that causes the skin moist (talking about the so-called. Wet anus) and irritated.
They are usually recognized four advanced stage of the disease:
Level 1 – hemorrhoids make themselves known only bleeding
The second stage – at stool occurs vyhřezávání haemorrhoids, but which themselves will return
Stage 3 – hemorrhoids prolapse after themselves refunded (patient must reposition itself).Vyhřezávají addition, even during activities such as coughing, sneezing, walking.
Stage 4 – hemorrhoids are permanently prolapsed, can not be undone. Problems with “wet anus”
treatment of hemorrhoids
Treatment can be divided into three categories:
1st conservative
2nd ambulatory surgery
3. transactions
First conservative treatment
Under conservative treatment hiding principles of disease prevention (fiber, fluid, hygiene). To do this, it is recommended to perform sitz baths in a decoction of oak bark, apply ointments, suppositories.
2nd ambulatory surgery
Most of hemorrhoids can outwit an outpatient procedure that usually requires the incapacity of the patient after surgery, dispenses with the anesthesia and the patient mainly solves an annoying problem. The most commonly performed outpatient surgery are:
- coagulation infrared rays – only suitable for small hemorrhoids because it acts only to a depth of 3 mm
- elastic tie – the most widely used method in the country. Basically performs ligation of hemorrhoids rubber band – it throttles hemorrhoids and waste. After this performance, some patients experience two days of pressure or pain in the rectum, but then the problem disappears.
- unipolar electrocoagulation – knot current passage shrinks
- bipolar coagulation – node is destroyed by heat
- Cryotherapy – freezing the destruction node
3. transactions
There are many methods to operatively remove hemorrhoids. In some uses a laser scalpel in the other. Sometimes it removes only hemeoroidální nodule, sometimes surrounding mucosa .. suitable procedure for proposing a doctor depending on the situation.
How can I help myself
According to the kind of problem you can help warm sitz baths (hemorrhoids, congestion, pressure sensation), or an application of ice (clot in the internal hemorrhoids).
complications of hemorrhoids
The main complications of treatment of hemorrhoids include:
- Profuse bleeding – bleeding after defecation difficult. Risk of anemia in these frequent blood loss.
- Thrombosis of internal hemorrhoids – the excess blood in the internal hemorrhoidal vascular plexus collide and this blood clot usually causes inflammation area. Hemorrhoids increases – irritates nerve endings registering wall stress – a response to this rise in voltage is cramp.Because of this sphincter spasm is usually impossible hemorrhoids examination by palpation through the rectum (DRE).
- Strangulation – inflamed hemorrhoids herniates enlarged rectum, but there is a contraction of the sphincter – hemorrhoids is therefore prohibited from returning to the anal canal. Now it iscalled. strangulation hemorrhoidal nodes.
Complications of the disease usually resolves acute operations.
Other names: hemorrhoids, varicose veins of the rectum, a vein of gold
