Description of atopic eczema
There are several different opinions as to which group of diseases include atopic eczema. Many believe that it is a skin disease,while others insist that it is a genetic aberration, and the third group is of the opinion that it is a disease of the immune character.
In reality, all theories of something. Atopic eczema is a disease that genetically, resulting in a pathological immune response that manifests itself on the skin.
It is a very common disease which affects about 20% of children and about 6% of adults. In the Czech Republic accounted for around 10% of the population. It is often accompanied by other allergic diseases such as asthma, hay fever, allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria, et al. Which is referred to as atopic syndrome. It has a long-term course with repeated new infections.
The emergence and development of this disease is very individual. Causes of the outbreak or worsening of eczema are three.
The first is exaggerated pathological immune response to a particular allergen.
Furthermore, cutaneous insufficiency given atypical production of skin lipids, which are unable to bind water and thus the skin is dry and thin, and allows permeation of different allergens.
A third reason may be tuned nervous system. That fact causes increased itching, skin irritation and sensitivity with regard to the psychological state of the individual. Difficult life situations, stress and dissatisfaction lead to increased incidence of seeding, frequent scratching and overall deterioration.
Risk factors for atopic eczema
To calm atopic dermatitis, it is necessary to trace allergens that cause deterioration. These substances are then trying to avoid.
Generally advises limiting long bath in hot and cold water, not to wear woolen clothes and avoid sweating, unless the possibility of a subsequent shower.
It is important to exclude allergens from the living areas, which are mostly hiding in carpets, duvets and domestic animals. Frequent provoking factors are dust mites, dust, pollen, feathers, bacteria and other aggressive substances.
Also known are various forms of food allergy. Atopikům is usually recommended to enjoy dairy products, eggs, irritating foods, soy, chocolate and delightful vegetables and fruits. But this is only a recommendation, since food allergy is highly specific and it is for each to reveal what causes it.
Deterioration is also typically occurs in spring and autumn due to weather conditions.
Prevention of atopic eczema
As the great merit of the disease have a genetic predisposition, there is no truly effective prevention exists. If you suffer from this disease both parents are likely to develop eczema in the offspring of about 80%. If eczema only one parent, this probability is about 55%.
Affected but may be children no ancestors with similar diseases do not. An important role is played by the interplay of internal and external environmental factors and the intensity of provocation. If at least one parent is atopic, it is recommended to avoid breastfeeding especially food allergens andbreastfeed for at least 6 months. You should then feed the baby with hydrolyzed milk products and the transition to solid foods to add new foods with sufficient time between observation because of possible allergic reactions that cause deterioration in a child, and which you should avoid later.
Signs and symptoms of atopic eczema
Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease, manifested by dry skin, redness, swelling anditching.
However, it may go into the mold weeping pimples, where the risk of infection substantially greater.
Usually appears in infancy and adulthood disappear. Symptoms vary depending on what form of eczema occurs. We have three forms, namely infant, child and adult form.
Infant form of atopic eczema
Usually occurs around the third month of birth. Manifests red pimples up with blisters or scaly skin weeping on the cheeks, chin, chest, legs or head. Eczema is a very itchy and uncomfortable for kids. Infants are restless and often wakes from sleep.
Children form of atopic eczema
In this period already starts eczema imposition of a typical occurrence. Ie., That occurs in the elbow and popliteal wells under the buttocks, respectively. the hands and feet.
Eczema is starting to show some degree of disability. From the rough, dry skin can very easily go through the oozing blisters stains and then the crackling scales. Around the seventh year of age is about 50% of eczema heal.
The form of atopic eczema in adults
This kind either persists from childhood, or may occur in adulthood. Lesion are similar child form, rarely can also be affected by skin of the face and neck.
Treatment of atopic eczema
Among the principles of successful treatment are mainly an effort to eliminate known allergens, ie.create around hypoallergenic environment.
In residential areas should be vacuumed frequently, remove carpets, feather duvets and pillows and other dust catchers. These are the animals with fur and feathers, the most aggressive allergens from cats and rodents.
Furthermore, in the areas where they live atopic, not smoking, not even off the stove, and irritating acts and fumes, eg. Of paint. It is therefore important regular and adequate ventilation.
Atopic should not be used in conventional products daily care products and cosmetics, but theproducts designed for people with sensitive skin. Soaps, detergents, lotions, etc. should always be on the skin causing atopic considerate and their use should not occur deterioration. To a warm bath can add special oils and immediately thereafter should apply treatment creams that keep the skin hydrated. Topical therapy consists in maintaining friendly hygienic regime. It is recommended to spray warm water, and the very long time (about 3 minutes is sufficient).
It is advisable to wear cotton clothes that are airy and prevent sweating. Since intractable itching may also help cool compresses or cold cream and night are advised to wear cotton gloves.
The treatment is not thorough lubrication promašťujícími lotions, creams, ointments or bath oil.
Pruritic manifestations partially prevents antihistamines and besides doctors usually prescribelocal corticosteroids. These are the most efficient part of the treatment because they have very strong anti-inflammatory effects. Unfortunately, however, even these hormones are not without side effects. When an incorrect dosage of corticosteroids can cause cataracts, skin atrophy with enlargement of blood vessels, creation of hirsutism and others. This can be avoided by following certain principles. Usually it is recommended not to use steroids never more times than 1 day for 4 days. After the improvements we’re working with them applying to recede until it is completely’re planting.
Treatment with corticosteroids is merely local, i.e., that corticoids ointment is applied only to the affected area, and use only the necessary amount of the product. Corticosteroids have a preventive effect, as many people think, and their use is required prescription by a doctor. Do not take these medicines without the advice of a dermatologist, because only he will prescribe the means that are most suitable for you. Cortisone is in fact a huge amount and it is advisable to use only drugs such power, which is enough to cope with the disease, never stronger!
New in the treatment of atopic eczema are local immunomodulators in the form of creams and ointments. They are currently only in cases where conventional treatment fails. Another advantage of these drugs is that so far there were no adverse effects. Therefore, it is recommended even for long term use and they can even prevent new výsevům eczema.
“The skin is a reflection of your soul.” This statement is proof that the psychological state of the individual has a similar disease course a huge impact. So if you have mental health problems, do not hesitate to visit a dermatologist or psychosomatic psychologist. Treatment with psychotherapy has proven benefits to alleviate atopic symptoms.
In addition to the above treatments are recommended daily spa and seaside stays. Part of the treatment may be phototherapy, which is by exposing the skin to UV rays from artificial sources. It takes place in special departments under supervision.
Recommendation
With housework, wear protective gloves (rubber outside and inside cotton). You should choose wisely and your profession. The working environment should be dust-free ** **, with little irritants without much pollution and the need for frequent cleaning.
Just as it is appropriate to collect and hobbies include between inappropriate. Cooking, animal husbandry, gardening, etc.
Also for atopic vacation it is extremely important. Suitable are stays at sea, but also in the mountains at high altitudes.
How can I help myself
Once you experience some of the symptoms of eczema, it is advisable to seek a dermatologist’s office. Even before the examination but you can help yourself CHC resources and all of the above treatment methods with the exception of corticosteroid. Each atopic should also look for allergens, which cause him difficulties.
Complications of atopic eczema
The most common complications are the result of stubborn scratches that break the skin barrier and allow penetration of various infections. E.g. secondary bacterial infection caused byStaphylococcus aureus, herpes infection (herpes simplex), warts, and others.
Atopic eczema may also significantly complicated by associating diseases such as asthma, hay fever, urticaria, etc.
Discussion
- How can atopic eczema?
- Atopic eczema – club
- What do you proved to atopic eczema in children?
- Atopic eczema – cream without steroids?
Other names: atopic dermatitis, eczema, eczema atopicum
